HRCR May 2020 Quiz

Editorial note: The following quiz is related to the article Provocation and ablation of non-pulmonary vein triggers in non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: role of the coronary sinus by Della Rocca and colleagues from the May 2020 issue of Heart Rhythm Case Reports.

Question 1: The prevalence of non-pulmonary vein triggers is lower in patients with:

A. obstructive sleep apnea
B. paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
C. heart failure
D. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 2: Coronary sinus isolation:

A. can be achieved by targeting the vessel endocardially
B. is not associated with an increased risk of esophageal damage
C. requires continuous PR interval monitoring while ablating the proximal coronary sinus
D. does not improve outcomes in patients with triggers documented from this structure

Question 3: Using the catheter setup described in the text during isoproterenol challenge, an early activation recorded in the circular mapping catheter, preceding that recorded in the distal coronary sinus, when the pulmonary veins are isolated, is suggestive of a trigger from:

A. proximal coronary sinus
B. superior vena cava
C. left atrial appendage
D. interatrial septum